20th Ramadan Conquest of Makkah is a historical event when Muslims in the leadership of Hazrat Muhammad(P.B.U.H)conquered Makkah. It was 20th Ramadan 630 AH when Muslims were blessed by God with success after long hardships. Certainly, this historical day results from a lot of struggles and sacrifices too.
The struggle of Muslims In Makkah
Islam is one of the top religions of the world. Today millions of Muslims around the world worship one God under the teachings of Islam. Besides, there are a lot of painful stories and struggle behind the success of Muslims.
Hazrat Muhammad(P.B.U.H) the last messenger of Allah preaching Islam at forty. Non- Muslims used to worship the idol. They discouraged Muhammad(P.B.U.H) and tortured the last Prophet(P.B.U.H) along with His companions by Non-Muslims. Muslims were not strong however they have a strong belief in God.
After sometimes Allah helps Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H) with Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A) and with some faithful companions. Islam was getting stronger day by day as their haters as well. Muslims also fought many battles. Besides, they were not strong or have fewer resources Muslims beat Non-Muslim multiples times in a different battle.
Battles Before Conquest Of Makkah
- The battle of Badr (2 Hijri).
- The battle of Uhud (3 Hijri).
- The battle of Al-Khandaq (5 Hijri).
- The battle of Banu Qurayzah (5 Hijri).
- The battle of Al-Mustalaq (5 Hijri).
- The battle of Khaybar (7 Hijri).
- Fath Mekkah (8 Hijri).
There were 29 major battles from which Hazrat Muhammad participate himself in 27 battles including Conquest of Makkah. Muhammad (S.A.W) fight personally with a sword in seven battles and lead all others as the commander.
Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W) lost much-loved ones in different battles.
Migration to Madina
Because of hurdles and problems, Allah ordered Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H) to migrate Madina from Makkah. It’s really difficult for the Prophet and his companions to migrate from their hometown. Above all, the number of Muslims increase rapidly in Madina.
Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H) preaches Islam in large in Madina. Muslims getting good support however Non- Muslims are still trying to best to defeat Muslims and Islams.
Journey To Makkah
Makkah is the Holy place selected by Allah for Muslims. It’s a sacred place for praying and perform pilgrims in Makkah. Hazrat Muhammad needs to conquer Makkah in order to become successful.
Treaty of Hudaibiyah
Treaty of Hudabibiyah has a vital role behind the 20th Ramadan event. It’s actually an agreement between Muslims and Non-Muslims. This agreement took place at Hudaibiyah. All the conditions are very strict for Muslims.
- Muhammad (P.B.U.H) would return without Pilgrimage this year.
- There will be no battle for the next ten years between Muslims & Quraysh.
- If any Makkan accepts Islam and seeks sanctuary with the Muslims in Medina, they would extradite him to Makkah. But if a Muslim, fleeing from Medina, seeks sanctuary with the pagans in Makkah, they would not extradite him.
- All the tribes of Arabia would be free to enter into treaty relations with any party – the Muslims or the Quraysh.
- The Muslims would visit Makkah to perform the pilgrimage in the following year but they would not stay in the city for more than three days, and the only weapons which they would be allowed to bring with them would be their swords in the scabbards.
All these terms and conditions are not in favor of Muslims. Besides, Muslims strictly follow this treaty as they don’t want any battle to enter Makkah. According to the treaty, every tribe has the right to join both groups. Banu Bakr joined Quraish, and Khuza‘ah joined Muslims.
Unfortunately, after around three years of the agreement, Banu Bakr with the help of Quraish attacked in the night on Khuza’ah. It does not bound Hazrat after that to follow the treaty of Hudaibiya that’s why to give following options to Quraish
- to pay blood money for the victims of Khuza‘ah,
- to terminate their alliance with Banu Bakr; or
- to consider the truce to have been nullified.
Abu Sufiyan as head of Quraish try to continue the agreement but Hazrat Muhammad(P.B.U.H) and all his close companions didn’t allow as there WAS a clear breach of the treaty of Hudaibiya.
Conquest Of Makkah
Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H) and His companions silently prepare themselves for battle and march towards Makkah. They were in a very strong position even for the battle. Muslims start their journey on Wednesday (6 Ramadan, 8 AH). Volunteers and contingents from allied tribes joined the Muslim. There were in a strong number up to 10, 000.
Muslims still prefer peace and harmony. Muslims enter in Makkah with all their pride. They have a very difficult journey but now they were victorious. Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.) emphasized on refraining from fighting unless Quresh attacked. The Muslim army entered Mecca on Monday, 11 December 629 (18 Ramadan 8 Hijrah).
Hazrat Muhammad(S.A.W.) announces the following statement for the people of Makkah.
God has made Mecca a sanctuary since the day He created the Heavens and the Earth, and it will remain a sanctuary by the sanctity God has bestowed on it until the Day of Resurrection. It (fighting in it) was not made lawful to anyone before me. Nor will it be made lawful to anyone after me, and it was not made lawful for me except for a short period.
Its animals (that can be hunted) should not be chased, nor should its trees be cut, nor its vegetation or grass uprooted, nor its Luqata (most things) picked up except by one who makes a public announcement about it.’ [11]
Finally, Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H) was back to their home and above all to the most sacred place for Muslims. The last Prophet with His companions enters Makkah. He broke all the idle and perform Salah. It’s a great victorious moment for Muslims. Finally, they have possession of the House of Allah prepared by Hazrat Ibrahim.
Muslims understand the difficulties and hardships face by Hazrat Muhammad and his companions. They also must obey the teachings of Islam and make special prayers and remember the historical day of the 20th Ramadan Conquest of Makkah.
